Ted Talk Analysis

Patricia Ryan talked about her experience in living and teaching english for over 30 years in the gulf where she has seen vast cultural and linguistic change. This strategy helped her build her credibility with the audiences. The topic of her speech at Ted was â€Å"Don’t Insist on English! †. She addressed the question: Is the world’s focus on English preventing the spread of great ideas in other languages? The primary audience to her speech was English teachers. Patricia Ryan has the same background that helps the primary audience to relate to her.There were many questions in her speech that trigger the audience to think, it created audience interaction in he speech. Although answers were not expected from the audiences, Patricia Ryan gradually reveals the solutions to the issues in a very well organized fashion throughout her speech. She opened her speech with a little bit of humours related to the topic, this helped the audience to loosen up a bit and ready t o accept what she was trying to deliver while making her a likeable person to them.She delivered a very persuasive speech with an indirect approach. First she revealed a prediction of how number of languages in the world will decrease overtime through globalization of English. She then supproted this claim with statistics. Throughout the speech Patricia Ryan told various kinds of facts that relates to the topic. Stories of actual events was her way of slowly persuading the audiences and selling her ideas. Since indirect approach is harder to follow and harder to understand, Patricia Ryan had all her facts and stories well organized.Every one of her facts and stories had a purpose of delivering her next point in her speech. Patricia Ryan’s communication style was ‘sell’. She was trying to sell an alternative ways of doing things. She persuade the audience through her credibility as a very experienced English teacher while staying modest throughout her speech. Her tone was very confident , persuasive, and sometime humourous. She tried to communicate with pictures sometimes funny pictures to attract audiences’ attention.Her languange use was very clear and slow yet you can hear power in her speech. She used various natural body language. We find that Patricia Ryan’s speech was delivered in a very well organized manner and very persuasive. She was well qualified to deliver the speech with her vast experience in English teaching industry. With her credibility, the audiences who were mostly English teachers were easily relate and persuaded to her ideas. Supported by tatistics and facts while a little bit stories here and there helped her to further persuade the audience into her cause. These statistics and facts acted as her supporting arguments to her main idea. Indirect approach in this case was used successfully as in her way of delivering her ideas she showed many of those arguments and proofs to support her main idea at the con clusion of her speech. Her closing was emotional and interacted with the audiences’ spirit. Inviting them to her cause in a very persuasive and energetic way. Ted Talk Analysis Patricia Ryan talked about her experience in living and teaching english for over 30 years in the gulf where she has seen vast cultural and linguistic change. This strategy helped her build her credibility with the audiences. The topic of her speech at Ted was â€Å"Don’t Insist on English! †. She addressed the question: Is the world’s focus on English preventing the spread of great ideas in other languages? The primary audience to her speech was English teachers. Patricia Ryan has the same background that helps the primary audience to relate to her.There were many questions in her speech that trigger the audience to think, it created audience interaction in he speech. Although answers were not expected from the audiences, Patricia Ryan gradually reveals the solutions to the issues in a very well organized fashion throughout her speech. She opened her speech with a little bit of humours related to the topic, this helped the audience to loosen up a bit and ready t o accept what she was trying to deliver while making her a likeable person to them.She delivered a very persuasive speech with an indirect approach. First she revealed a prediction of how number of languages in the world will decrease overtime through globalization of English. She then supproted this claim with statistics. Throughout the speech Patricia Ryan told various kinds of facts that relates to the topic. Stories of actual events was her way of slowly persuading the audiences and selling her ideas. Since indirect approach is harder to follow and harder to understand, Patricia Ryan had all her facts and stories well organized.Every one of her facts and stories had a purpose of delivering her next point in her speech. Patricia Ryan’s communication style was ‘sell’. She was trying to sell an alternative ways of doing things. She persuade the audience through her credibility as a very experienced English teacher while staying modest throughout her speech. Her tone was very confident , persuasive, and sometime humourous. She tried to communicate with pictures sometimes funny pictures to attract audiences’ attention.Her languange use was very clear and slow yet you can hear power in her speech. She used various natural body language. We find that Patricia Ryan’s speech was delivered in a very well organized manner and very persuasive. She was well qualified to deliver the speech with her vast experience in English teaching industry. With her credibility, the audiences who were mostly English teachers were easily relate and persuaded to her ideas. Supported by tatistics and facts while a little bit stories here and there helped her to further persuade the audience into her cause. These statistics and facts acted as her supporting arguments to her main idea. Indirect approach in this case was used successfully as in her way of delivering her ideas she showed many of those arguments and proofs to support her main idea at the con clusion of her speech. Her closing was emotional and interacted with the audiences’ spirit. Inviting them to her cause in a very persuasive and energetic way.

Letter to the George Bush Team to Visit City Florence

Dear Sir, It is great honor for me to be a guide for George Bush in Florence. I will do my best to ensure that he remembers Florence as the most beautiful place on Earth and realizes why this city is literally a magnet attracting tourists from the most remote areas. Every person who is fond of art needs to visit this gorgeous spot at least once in his life. Florence gets visited by tourists in the millions because it offers them an astonishing variety of scenes. Even though one day of being in Florence is by no means enough to grasp the whole feeling of the city, it can still create an overwhelming delight in the person’s heart, and make him thirsty to see more during the following visits. It is my goal to help George Bush get immersed into Florence’s atmosphere from the very first minutes of the visit. He will be able to understand why Florence is one of the world’s most enjoyable cities. He will never forget this beautiful experience and keep desiring to return here many times in the future. Due to the short length of the visit, I have decided to pick out the most interesting sites for the President. We will have time to visit only three places of interest, but I can assure you that they will all tell a great deal about the history of Florence and its uniqueness. In our city, we have enough monuments to keep a tourist occupied for years, but even a day is enough to understand that there is no similar place on Earth to Florence, no matter how much you look. I want to organize this excursion in such a way that George Bush realizes why Florence is considered the cradle of Renaissance. Many people know that Florence was the Italian city which gave birth to Renaissance, but very few of them can actually explain why. In order to be able to answer this question, one needs to get acquainted with the masterpieces of Renaissance artists. They do not have any analogues in the world; they are absolutely unique. Every piece of art created during that epoch breathes with the feeling of freedom and unlimited inspiration which knows no borders. I want to show such pieces of art to George Bush so that he hears them talk to him through ages. The first place of interest which we are going to visit will be The Casa Buonarroti, the house in which outstanding artist Michelangelo lived; then we will proceeded to Romanesque baptistery which is famous for scenes from Old Testament created by Lorenzo Ghiberti on its doors; and finally we are going to visit Brancacci Chapel the frescos of which were gradually painted by Masolino, Masaccio and Filippino Lippi, the most famous Renaissance artists. All of these places are very unique, and they can tell a great deal about the Renaissance epoch. The Casa Buonarroti is going to be particularly interesting for the President because this is the place where Michelangelo lived and created his masterpieces. There can be nothing more extraordinary than starting to visit to Florence from visiting the house of the perhaps the most outstanding artist of Renaissance. Even though Michelangelo did not step in his house for many centuries, it is possible to feel his presence there many years after. The house was transformed into a museum by one of Michelangelo’s relatives, Michelangelo Buonarroti the Younger, in 17th century. The museum not only has created work of Michelangelo, but also painting of other famous artists depicting the scenes from his life and his virtues. It is impossible to avoid visiting this museum during the visit to Florence. Romanesque baptistery is going to impress George Bush due to many reasons; first, it is one of the oldest buildings in Florence and thus tells a lot about its history; second, it would appeal to the President’s interest in religion; third, it has scenes from Old Testament created by famous Lorenzo Ghiberti on its doors. Lorenzo Ghiberti is one of the most famous sculptors of his time. It is common truth that these days, some people would pass by this legendary building even without stop. Some young people do not appreciate these masterpieces as much as they should. However, Romanesque baptistery needs to be noticed and remembered by everybody because nothing can compare to Lorenzo Ghiberti’s creative work on its panels. The gates which he created into the baptistery were called â€Å"gates to paradise† by his contemporaries. One can easily tell which scenes from Bible the artist depicted. He worked most of his life on these pieces of art, and they impress tourists until these days. In the middle panel there is a scene of Jacob and Esau depicted. All of the characters of the Bible are painted in such a way as if they are alive and are almost going to jump off the panels. The last site which we are going to visit is Brancacci Chapel. It has very unique architecture and it famous for the frescos gradually painted by Masolino, Masaccio and Filippino Lippi. The history of painting frescos for this chapel is really impressive. In the beginning of 15th century a Florence ambassador to Egypt commissioned Masolino to paint the frescos for the cathedral. After completing some work, the famous artist charged his student Masaccio with this task, and Masaccio brilliantly coped with the part of the work which the master assigned to him. However, Masolino did not have a chance to finish the work entirely due to his death, therefore, the frescos remained unfinished until Filippino Lippi, another famous artist, added the last strokes to the paintings in the end of 15th century. This chapel will be particularly interesting for George Bush because it will tell him very much about the differences of styles of one of the most famous Italian painters of all times. One can easily capture slight differences between the strokes done by Masolino, Masaccio and Filippino Lippi because each of them had his own unique style. However, the frescos turned out completely extraordinary as the result of their combined work. I very much hope that the visit of George Bush to Florence turns out very enjoyable. All of the sites which I picked out for him are going to let him fall in love with Florence during one day, and look forward to going back soon. Bibliography. Art History Gardeners Art through Ages. Volume 2. Becker Marvin B. Florence in Transition – Vol. 1. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, 1967. Cornelison Sally J. A French King and a Magic Ring: The Girolami and a Relic of St. Zenobius in Renaissance Florence. Renaissance Quarterly 55. 2002. Cornelison Sally J. Art Imitates Architecture: The Saint Philip Reliquary in Renaissance Florence. The Art Bulletin. Volume: 86. Issue: 4. 2004. Gani Martin.   The Gems of Florence. World and I. Volume: 13. Issue: 9. September 1998. Holmes George Florence, Rome, and the Origins of the Renaissance. Clarendon Press, 1986 Picano Felice.   Forever Florence: Felice Picano Rekindles the Forbidden Passion and Unmatched Glory of Tuscany's Perpetually Blooming Flower. The Advocate. August 17, 2004. Richard C. Trexler, â€Å"Ritual Behavior in Renaissance Florence: The Setting,† Medievalia et Humanistica 4. 1973.

All The Saints Into A Short Film

overall length of the short film affects its structure, characterisation, plot and especially story. ‘The longer a short film lasts, the more the audience wants it to be a story. They want it to mean something.’ (Cowgill (2005 :9)). This means that shorter films, up to 5 minutes, are usually a comedy sketch with a punch line, such as in Knob, or a horror with a twist, like Selfie From Hell. The reveal or surprising ending seems to be common in the under 5 minute short, as the film has little time to†¦ All Saints day or Dia de los Santos is celebrated throughout the world and sometimes referred to in North America as the Day of the Dead or Dia de los Muertos. All Saints Day is a Catholic celebration on November 1st that celebrates all saints that have gone to heaven, and is followed by Souls day on November 2nd that celebrates all who has died (Catholic 2015). However, everyone throughout the world celebrates Saints Day and Souls Day differently with their own unique traditions. For instance,†¦ Rhetorical Analysis of â€Å"Smooth Talk: Short Story into Film† Joyce Carol Oates is an esteemed short story author with over forty novels, many of which have gone on to become films. Smooth Talk, one of such movies is based off of Oates’s short story, â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† â€Å"Smooth Talk: Short Story into Film† is an essay response by Joyce Carol Oates to her short story and its movie counterpart in her book, (Woman) Writer: Occasions and Opportunities. The essay was published along†¦ The Hero’s Journey in Film: The Boondock Saints The idea of a clear and precise pattern that nearly all heroes follow is not something new. In fact, one of the most famous examples of a hero cycle is the one created by Joseph Campbell. In his world-renowned book, The Hero with a Thousand Faces, Campbell sets up and explains how every hero follows the same basic path until he/she winds up back at the beginning and another cycle begins. â€Å"The mythical hero†¦is lured†¦to the threshold of adventure†¦journeys†¦ Animation films have a way of expanding one’s imagination in a way that ordinary films do not. The ability of the animated movies to make us understand and make a connection with a non-existent world is fascinating. Most animated films are created in imaginary environments, and the characters are created, creatures. This factor explains why some of the characters including animals are given human voices. Walt Disney Pictures produces movies that are meant to be enjoyed not only by children and teens†¦ Arguments can be expressed through verbal language, writing compositions, and visual designs. Director Jacob Kornbluth’s film Inequality for All is a visual argument, which allows for a stronger persuasive effect than by just using words alone. The film successfully advocates former Secretary of Labor Robert Reich’s economic idealisms and concerns. Due to the combination of video clips, pictures, and text, Reich is able to effectively communicate the argument that the gap in income inequality is†¦ No Justice for the Short-film Judgment Was Minnie Foster going to quilt it or knot it? When this question arose in the short story A Jury of Her Peers, two women were slowly piecing together Minnie Foster’s murder mystery, and when the dominant male characters overhear the women’s conversation, they merely scoffed and couldn’t seem to understand why the women were worried about ‘trivial things’. Little did they know, it was the ‘trivial things’ that gave clues to figuring out the motive for the†¦ â€Å"So that 's all. You come here, you look and leave?† Her voice was low and trembling, begging him to face her, but he just kept walking forward, â€Å"two years of my life and you just walk away! Face me, Caryll! Say something!† Her voice was a loud scream as she couldn 't contain herself anymore. Tears poured down her face as she turned from the view of the sunset to Caryll, her voice cracked and the tears glistened in the light as she struggled to catch her breath. Both her hands clenched the pendant†¦ Romantic love in Casablanca The film Casablanca is noted to be one of the most romantic films of all time. It inspires many and is held near and dear to our hearts. Casablanca continues to hold that place in history today. The art of romance is hidden amongst the film and shows us what a true classic love story is all about. The film Casablanca was released on November 26th, 1942 in the United States. It set a new benchmark for what we consider to be romance in film making. The romance in Casablanca†¦ The work that I want to propose is a short film. The film takes place in the future. The main character creates a doppelganger of himself by authorise and connect the robot to his cellphone. Through download and search the data that were stored in the digital device or been uploaded to the cloud, the doppelganger is able to conjecture and simulate how the main character communicate and react to others. Then the main character began to rely on the doppelganger and eventually been replaced by it.†¦

Dell Computers & Organizational Networking Essay

Dell Computers & Organizational Networking - Essay Example It suggests the inequality of influence between the two groups of internal stakeholders. External Stakeholders are often considered as the secondary and passive stakeholders with little or no direct influence over the affairs of the company. Dell has many strategic relationships with different organizations such as Sony, Microsoft, Citrix System, and Autodesk etc. such external stakeholders are networked through the strategic alliances in which organizations such as Microsoft providing its operating system with every Dell Computer. In a networked organization, employees often become the part of at least two teams and need to have explicit connections with each other. However, the time constraints arising due to multiplicity of processes is not often explicit therefore for Dell, it becomes sometimes difficult to arrange teams in their more efficient way resulting into productivity losses. Further, the time constraints shall also be viewed in terms of the reachability- a measure in which different nodes of the network interact each other. For a networked organization, density defines the interconnectedness of the group of the organizations however, density or the degree of interconnectedness between the members of the team dilutes, and the networked organizations often show vulnerability of loosing the efficiency. This often is the result of poor training in team dynamics which results into ineffective team functioning Creative tension vs. groupthink and group shift needs to be fostered. Team dynamics are such that individual thinking often takes precedence therefore networked organizations often lead to ineffective and conflicting team dynamics. Dell's strategy have been to rely on teams i.e. integrating different teams to achieve different objectives therefore can lead to inefficiencies and culmination of bureaucracies as discussed above. External customers are part of the continuing interdependency. Characteristics of the virtual company relate to the concept of interdependency: Networked organizations are often dependent on different variables or nodes of the network and customers are often referred as the essential nodes of that interdependency. Networked organizations often lead to extended and better customer services because of their approach of considering organizations as a group of interconnected entities. Dell's business model is probably the best model in terms of customer service. This has become possible because of following reasons: Fluid boundaries The radical view of the modern organization suggests that the firms have very flexible and fluid boundaries within which they tend to operate. It is also critical that the fluid boundaries allow organizations to become more responsive to their external customers. Flexible schedules Flexible Schedules allow organizations to manage the stability within the organizations by allowing organizations to develop competencies to manage in volatile environment. Flexible schedules are part of such flexibility drive of the organizations which allow them to view external customers i.e. customers, shareholders etc within a broader perspective and allow organizatio

Bullying in Schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bullying in Schools - Essay Example In general bullying can be defined as powerful child or group attacking those who are less powerful intentionally to cause harm. Bullying can therefore take three forms: physical which generally involve beating, punching kicking, pushing, taking personal belongings etc.; verbal which involve taunting, teasing, nicknaming, making threats; and psychological such as spreading rumors, manipulating social relationships, or intimidation through gestures or social exclusion (Ericson, 2001). Bullying in schools has become such a serious issue that most of the schools are taking steps to prevent it through anti-bullying policies. If we take a look at the statistics it is estimated that 30 percent of American children are regularly involved in bullying, either as bullies, victims, or both (NRCSS, 2001). Besides, researchers have also pointed out that about 15 percent of students are "severely traumatized or distressed" by one or the other bullying incidence, and about eight percent of the students report being victimized at school at least once a week (Hoover and Oliver, 1996; Skiba and Fontanini, 2000). It is a proven fact that bullying is one of the most serious anti-social activities that can harm individuals and groups. ... On the other hand, children who bully are more likely to become violent and aggressive adults (Banks, 2000). It is important to note that even those students who are not directly involved in bullying are affected. Children and teens who often witness bullying at school suffer from insecurity feeling and have a less secure learning environment. They fear that they may become the target of bullying some day. If we take into account the statistics of the real impact of bullying in schools, researchers found that 160,000 students miss school every day due to fear of attack or intimidation by a bully (Fried and Fried, 1996). Roughly about 20 percent of students are afraid of bullying during much of the school day (Garrity, et al., 1997). Weinhold and Weinhold (1998) estimated that 10 percent of students who drop out of school are because of repeated bullying. Besides, 60 percent of students according to Banks (2000) characterized as bullies in grades 6-9 had at least one criminal conviction by the time they reach the age 24. Hence, these statistics point out that there is an urgent need to bring in policies in the schools to control bullying. Strategies to combat bullying Several researchers have said that the most effective means of addressing bullying is through comprehensive, school-wide programs involving students, parents, teachers and counselors (Atlas and Pepler, 1998). It is also important to have special programs designed to reduce the bullying activities in schools. For instance, the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program, developed, refined, and systematically evaluated in Bergen, Norway, in the mid-1980s, is one of the best-known initiatives designed to reduce

CRJS406(2) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

CRJS406(2) - Research Paper Example Even though these characteristics are simple concepts, in some instances it is not easy for investigators to discern their meanings or uniquely identify them to a source. Hence, the aim of this paper is to discuss how investigators can identify class and individual characteristics evidences and their significance to the court process. Class and Individual Characteristic Evidence Class Characteristics evidences are those that no matter how painstakingly they are scrutinized, an explicit identification can never be realized, and they are thus categorized within a group or cluster (Brown, 2001). Under class characteristic evidences, there is commonly the likelihood of having in excess of one source for the material discovered, and they are applied in narrowing down a catalog of possible items or suspects. For instance, there are thousands of polyester fiber with definite shapes, outlines and colors; however, all of them have similar chemical nature, which makes it hard to identify the i tem as the specific one in a crime scene (Brown, 2001). Secondly, while human hair possesses similar class characteristics under microscopic observation whereby the medullas are either disjointed or nonexistent, the color and size pattern varies from all over the whole scalp in just a single person. This then makes it hard to positively point out that a hair sample belongs to a particular individual. Other forms of class characteristic evidences include blood samples, soil samples, and paint, in addition to glass fragments (Gardner, 2011). Conversely, individual characteristics evidences are those, which can be positively identified from a particular individual or a particular source due to existence of adequate microscopic inscriptions or even accidental markings (Gardner, 2011). Individual characteristics have unique physical qualities that are exceptional to a certain evidence item mainly due to natural variations, inadvertent damage and natural dress in. Some examples of individ ual characteristic evidences comprises fingerprints pattern, striation marks located in firearms, shoe prints, and blood or semen DNA code. Others include glass pieces whereby broken edges match each other, in addition to pattern formed by ejectors or firing-pin marks of fired cartridges (Buckles, 2010). Class Characteristics and Court Class characteristics evidences mainly aid in the buildup of circumstantial evidences during cases, and during substantiation of alibi false. This is because class characteristic evidences can offer a distinct negative or a positive substantiation that a certain portion of the evidence did not emerge from a source (DuPre, 2013). For a case to have good chances based on presentation of class characteristic evidence, the investigator should have a bigger number of classifying features, or otherwise massive amounts of diverse types of class evidence. Hence, class evidences are important mostly in proving of definite negative in court. For instance, in ra pe the identifying features like hair strands, blood samples, and semen samples can be proved not to come from a certain individual. Class Characteristic and Investigator The value of class characteristic evidences for an investigator rests in its capacity to substantiate events using facts that are

Religious Approaches Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Religious Approaches - Essay Example The non-Christian Chinese should engage them through these core values that are also shared by the Christians and they should come in it knowing that it is not an event for hostile arguments. They should not seek to defend nor to attack for at the end no one will emerge as the winner. The dialogue should be conducted with the aim of increasing understanding. The non-Christians Chinese should at all times make sure that the formal debate doesn’t occur outside the dialogue. This doesn’t imply that there should no, or there will be no disagreement at the time of the dialogue. Since the differences that exist at the core of individual’s systems of belief are at issue, frequent disagreements are bound to be there. However, the dialogue isn’t the forum for trying to demonstrate the greatness of one system of belief over another. Open disagreement is supposed to primarily take place only whenever a participant is convinced that another participant has prompted or made a misconception to the practices and beliefs of the first. The non-Christians Chinese when engaging Christians in dialogue, they are supposed to let them their own self-definition. This is a very important rule in such type of dialogue. Christians have to be given the chance to define their beliefs, as well as their understanding of the religious teachings without being contradicted by the non-Christian Chinese. They should also be willing to critically look into their very own religion as they look into Christianity.

Business Model of Cooper & Stollbrand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Model of Cooper & Stollbrand - Essay Example Business Model of Cooper & Stollbrand This essay is based on the video as seen on Channel 4 depicting how the factory is run and how this small company is sending across a big message that manufacturing in England is not dead as yet. Business Model The existing trend in the market is manufacture in huge quantities, utilize economies of scale and sell cheaper. Turn over is the key for most of the companies to make money. For costlier brands, its not turnover so much, as much as its about manufacturing cost. They prefer to get it produced outside England as labor is pretty cheap in third world countries. But as heard from the Managing Director, Eden, its not about mass production. If the quality is right and the approach is right, one can manufacture products locally and still have a good margin on it. Company is able to manufacture for top brands like Quba & Co., Topshop and Selfridges credit of which to an extent goes to the current business model as follows Sourcing Raw Materials Everything from machines to mats, needle s to nozzles and fabric to fittings are sourced locally from the UK. This saves time in its delivery, saves on transport cost and is local which supports local industry. Labor All of the staff of Cooper & Stollbrand is local ladies who have been working in the industry for decades. They are dedicated and passionate about the manufacturing of products in UK. They are highly skilled and are very reliable when it comes to delivering results. There are young polish, Pakistani and afghanistani ladies who have joined the team and are happy working here. Processes The processes of production are well managed by supervisors and management team. There is a clear demarcation in job roles of machinists, supervisors and quality control and management which makes the hierarchy small and manageable. Supervisors ensure that stuff is cut much ahead of stitching so the machinists know what coming and how much is left. Positioning of the company and its products If you note, throughout the video mach inists are working on high profile coats which will be sold in posh central London stores with a pricey tag. Topshop coats retail at around ?175, and order is significantly small at 325 coats in 3 days. 50 Quba & Co. coats are to be prepared in a short period which will retail at ?500. The positioning of the company is that it is able to produce highest quality of garments, which are produced locally. There is a new awakening among British consumers to buy stuff ‘made in England’ to support local industry. Since most of the corporate customers are high end retail stores, the no. of pieces they would order would be small and hence manageable by Cooper & Stollbrand. Such quick delivery, high quality and cost effectiveness cannot be provided by manufacturing units in India or China. It will not be cost effective for the buyers either to order as the quantities are far too less for it to be ordered from other countries. Staff management / HR Staff is extremely happy and sat isfied with what they are doing. A happy team of staff members would be less demanding, will work at reasonable pay and work hard to meet set delivery targets. This gives Cooper & Stollbrand a unique edge which other manufacturers might not have. Secondly the staff members are paid on number of pieces they delivery subject to stringent quality checks. This ensure that the staff members are quick in producing the garment so that they earn more money, and the co. is able to deliver on time.

The Abu Ghraib Prison Scandal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Abu Ghraib Prison Scandal - Essay Example The author made references to similar instances which apparently happened and documented through the experiment conducted by Philip G. Zimbardo, a psychology professor at Stanford University. Likewise, the reasons for the change in behavior were likewise supported through another set of experiments conducted by Stanley Milgram, which were discussed extensively in the article entitled â€Å"Perils of Obedience† published in Harper’s in 1973. Using these resources, the current discourse hereby asserts that the behavior of the American guards could be explained from the findings of experiments espoused by Zimbardo and Milgram. Analysis of the Situation To enable one to effectively respond to the question, there is a need to establish an examination of the situation that led these American soldiers to act viciously. As noted by Szegedy-Maszak (2004), â€Å"while many theories have been advanced about the forces that tragically came together at Abu Ghraib--inadequate traini ng, overzealous intelligence gathering, failure of leadership--none can adequately account for the hardening of heart necessary for such sadism† (p. 174). The article written by Jehl and Schmitt (2004) and published in The New York Times provided a more vivid scenario that presented conditions that set the stage for the apparent sadistic behavior. According to the authors, the members of the military police battalion who were sent to Iraq to serve as prison guards were untrained, unprepared, and completely inexperienced in this particular endeavor. Likewise, the Abu Ghraib prison was described as to detain as much as 7,000 prisoners, from an initial capacity of 2,000; which contributed to increasingly chaotic conditions, difficulties in overseeing, and effecively controlling security conditions. It was revealed that â€Å"in Abu Ghraib the soldiers suddenly found themselves under attack virtually every night from insurgents outside the prison† (Jehl & Schmitt: A trouble d unit, 2004, par. 19). The threat was reported to necessitate the infusion of military intelligence officers. These officers were noted to be the ultimate source of abuse. Factors that Explain the Behavior of American Guards In Zimbardo’s experiments, it was explicitly noted that abuses and atrocities actually ensued from the very power that was accorded to the students, enacting the security guards’ roles. As emphasized, from initially starting as ensuring that â€Å"they must maintain ‘law and order’ in this prison, that they were responsible for handling any trouble that might break out, and they were cautioned about the seriousness and potential dangers of the situation they were about to enter† (Zimbardo, 1973, p. 41), the presence of the following factors were actually evident and similar to the Abu Ghraib prison: (1) power to maintain law and order; (2) imminent threats from prisoners or from external sources of chaos that could endanger the ir lives; (3) the apparent need to conform to the norms of society in terms of responding to the social pressures of the prison environment; and, likewise, (4) the natural response for the application of forms of sadism, to purportedly control prisoners or make them submit to the orders given, with or without justifiable rationales. Using the experiment conducted by Milgram (1973), one could evaluate that the power of obedience was expected to have been ingrained in every individual’s being; and thereby, prison guards who are expected to be followed with regards to orders being directed to prisoners, resort to the authority and powers vested in them, to inflict whatever action is deemed necessary to enable their subjects to react and respond, as directed. As

Textron Case Essay Example for Free

Textron Case Essay 1) How does Textron make money? Textron is able to make money as a result of 4 defining aspects of its business model: a. Textron is a conglomerate: by purchasing a variety of companies, Textron is able to share technology between its business units thus increasing its competitive advantage in these respective units. For instance, lessons learned in aerodynamics at Bell Helicopters can be used in the construction of aircraft at Cessna. Additionally, because of Textrons size, it increases its buyer power and can take advantage of economies of scale when purchasing from the common suppliers across business units. b. Diversification: Textron has purchased a variety of companies that complement one another such as different target markets (regular consumers vs. government consumers) and both high and low priced products (ex: hardware tools vs. private jets). Thus, like a well diversified stock portfolio, Textron is able to hedge its exposure to risk between its various business units (if one industry performs poorly one year, another industry may fair better). c. Vertically integrated: in Textrons history it developed a vertically integrated company that controlled every operational aspect of the business from raw goods to processing to distribution. Thus, it has been able to control the costs of many aspects of its business d. Finance business unit: Additional revenue is generated through the earned interest from customers who purchase credit from Textron in order to purchase Textron products. This revenue stream keeps customers in the Textron environment instead of losing customers to other credit-granting financial institutions. This Textron environment also: * Creates a one-stop-shop that can increases Textrons stickiness to its customers (also increase customer retention), which may lead to longer and stronger customer relationships. * Creates flexibility since Textron can offer more favourable interest rates than other financial institutions to promote more Textron sales 2) Assessment of Textrons: Assessment of Exhibit 1: Textron is investing heavily in assets that are not producing the sales or profits required to sustain its growth. Hence, its only choice is to finance its growth, which increases its debt and risk of bankruptcy. Textron needs to improve its asset management by increasing the output of its assets (such as PPE), changing its assets or improving its days inventory. Textron can increase the outputs of its assets by training staff to use equipment and tools more effectively or upgrade equipment and tools that can increase productivity. Textron can decrease its days inventory by improving its sales forecasting in order to produce only enough units that are demanded by the market. 3) Assessment of Textrons Cash Flow: Analysis of Cash Flow Statements 2004-2006 (in millions): * Under CFO * Net income nearly tripled from 2005 (203) to 2006 (601) * Under CFI * Net cash used in acquisitions increased significantly from 2005 (28) to 2006 (502) * Under CFI the Net Cash Used in Investing Activities of Continuing Operations has more than doubled from 2004 (800) to 2006 (2062) however, under CFO, the Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities of Continuing Operations has not doubled nor has it grown significantly from 2004 (949) to 2006 (1017). * Under CFF * In 2004 the Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities (Net CFO) is 950 and the Net Cash used in Investing Activities (Net CFI) 818. Therefore Textron generated enough cash to finance its investment activity (950-818 = 135). By contrast, in 2005 and 2006, Textron has had to use debt to finance its investments since in 2005 the Net CFO is 1036 million and Net CFI 1195 million (delta = -159) and in 2006 the Net CFO is 969 but the CFI is 1409 (delta = -440). By increasing the amount of debt, Textron increases its risk of going bankrupt in the future should the company not be able to meet its debt obligations. * Final Assessment of Cash Flow Statement: It seems that Textron is making a good amount of cash through its operations but this cash is not enough to feed its investment activities. Even worse, the increased investment has had little impact in increasing cash inflow. * Assessment of Exhibit 2: All of the above ratios are point towards poor cash flow management except Current Ratio. Thus Textrons favourable Current Ratio can be interpreted as Textron has the ability to pay off its liabilities only if it sells its large inventory (indicated by its large Days Inventory value). 4) Textrons use of LIFO and FIFO: e. Textrons income before taxes in 2006 using FIFO * Under current method: * The beginning inventory of 2006+purchase -COGS=the ending inventory of 2006 * 1,712 + purchase 8,528 = 2,069(in millions) let this calculation be called A

Margin of Appreciation

Margin of Appreciation The analogy of the doctrine of margin of appreciation reflects the rational behind the separation of power and constitutional framework. Margin of appreciation is a means by where member states are conferred a privilege to balance between the rights of the individual with the rights of the public at large. When there is a conflict between the security of public with the individual human rights then it is for the state to determine whether it is within the margin of appreciation that they can violate that individual’s human rights without being held liable for violation. In the case of Goodwin v. United Kingdom(1) the court held that the United Kingdom arguments for violation was not within the margin of appreciation and the fair balance inherent in the Convention tilted in favour of the applicant.   Margin of appreciation is the term that refers to margin between the governments justification to be excused from infringing human rights. This exception is delegated to member states under certain circumstances. Not all rights are subject to margin of appreciation(2). In Harb v. His Majestry King Fahd Bin Abdu(3) the applicant challenged the lawfulness of a private hearing, it was argued that the Article 6 of the ECHR were not incompatible as Article 6(1) permitted a hearing in private and the margin of appreciation should be extended to reflect the principle underlying state immunity. To large degree, there is a legitimate justification for the existence of the margin of appreciation, most of all it is necessary as a means of balancing between the human rights of individual citizen against the protection and safety of the public as whole. If this balance did not existed, human rights would inevitably override the protection of public and pose great concern to the interest and security of the public. â€Å"In particular the press as a public watchdog are entitled to a high degree of protection.(4)† In vast number of cases, courts have indicated that authorities have wide margin of appreciation. In the House of Lord case, A (FC) and others (FC) (Appellants) v. Secretary of State for the Home Department (2004)(5) it was decided that Article 15(1) gives the authorities a wide margin of appreciation. This was clear evidence that where there is a pressing need for the security and protection of public the authorities possess a power of derogation to derogate from compliance with the human rights(6).   Conversely, in the Chahal v United Kingdom (1996)(7) European Court of Human Rights declared that Article 3 is the most fundamental right in a democratic society and â€Å"no derogation from it is permissible under Article 15 even in the event of a public emergency threatening the life of the nation(8)† This clearly demonstrates the conflict as to when margin of appreciation can and cannot be used as a justification for violation of human rights.   Arguably, there are evidence of pressing social and political needs for the rational and necessity of margin of appreciation. Margin of appreciation is a necessary and prerequisite element of state privilege in the measures they take when confronted with human rights issues of an individual citizen or a group of citizens(9). Nonetheless, the extent of margin of appreciation vary in accordance with the type of right the states authorities are interfering with and each case depended upon the circumstances and merits of the case. In Pretty v. United Kingdom [2002](10) it has been established by the ECtHR that â€Å"the national States margin of appreciation is narrow as regards interferences in the intimate area of an individuals sexual life†(11); explicitly, this is referring to interference with Article 8 of the ECHR or the HRA 1998. Further rational was set out in R (on the application of Tangney) v. The Governor of HMP Elmley and Another [2005](12) confirming that Strasbourg polices the boundaries between criminal and disciplinary charges, but it has to be appreciated that no two member states operate an identical penal disciplinary system and inevitably when dealing with fact specific situations in which the context is important each member state has some margin of appreciation(13). In other words, this coherently identifies that margin of appreciation is necessary for the smooth governance of a state in accordance with laws, norms and moralities of that specific state.   The legislator has a wide margin of appreciation in implementing social and economical policies and the legislator’s judgement are respected as to what constitutes â€Å"in the public interest†; thus, in James v. United Kingdom (1986)(14) the ECtHR determined that national courts are better in balancing individual and community interest. In this matter, Article 15(1) leaves those authorities a wide margin of appreciation(15). On the contrary, Article 2 and 3 do not recognise a margin of appreciation as they are absolute rights and not subject to any limitations because right to life and protection from torture is most fundamental right than non-discrimination as the government can derogate from right to non-discrimination in the event of a public emergency threatening the life of the nation (Article 15)(16).  Ã‚   Broadly speaking, the ECtHR developed the margin of appreciation doctrine to enable states to balance conflicting fundamental rights. For example where there is a outstanding claim for a possession order, the claimant has a right to a fair hearing under Article 6 whereas, the defendant probably has a right to a respect for family home under Article 8. In this case, the two rights clashes but it is the court’s duty to balance conflicting fundamental rights by using their power under margin of appreciation(17).  Ã‚   All qualified and limited right other than absolute rights under the HRA and the ECHR is subject to a range of restrictions. Restrictions provided under the Articles are similar between all the qualified and limited human rights and the restrictions have been applied in a similar way by the Commission and the ECtHR. The prescribed human rights may be restricted by limitations proscribed by law, which are necessary in a democratic society in the interest of public safety, for the protection of public order, health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others(18). The ECtHR recognises that its role is to review and ensure that the decision of local bodies fall within the margin of appreciation as identified in Ahmad v. United Kingdom (1981)(19). Case law suggest that there are arguments for and against the existence of margin of appreciation. However, to preserve a same level of human rights to each citizen there must be a provision enabling the state to draw a line between two or more conflicting right or the protection of the citizens of that state. There are more rational behind the existence of margin of appreciation as a means of balancing mechanism in a democratic society.

Personal Narrative - Christmas Memory Essay -- essays research papers

Christmas Memories Approaching Grandma's, our family anticipates the grand holiday about to be rekindled once again. With our family and friends about to be reunited with each other, each family member is trying not to notice how long the last kilometer is taking. The trees along the road seem to crawl by slower as Dad pushes his foot harder. Inch by inch, Second by second, we approach the long awaited destination. Finally when we arrive at Grandma's house our long journey is over. We each take a huge breath as we step out onto the crispy snow that snaps beneath our boots. The air is fresh and creates a shiver down my spine. I make my way to the frost coated back door, illuminated by the green and red Christmas lights. As I open the door and step into a house full of cheek pinches and hugs, an array of Christmas odur engulfs me, and makes my mouth water. As I yell "HELLO" I hear voices laughing, talking, and asking who's at the door? In the next second "Millions" of relatives are giving me there greetings and gladly inviting us into the house. As my family and I are quickly made comfortable, I look around..... Plates full of Christmas pastries, Christmas decorations, and Christmas music lightly penetrates the air as the family socializes with each other. The constant murmer of the voices, serves as a background for the music. My cousins are running making their laps around the living room while playing t...

Free Color Purple Essays: Shug and Celie :: Color Purple Essays

Shug and Celie in The Color Purple  Ã‚   The relationship between Shug and Celie cuts very deep. Both of them help each other become what they really need to be. Both Celie and Shug were very oppressed people. Celie was oppressed by her lack of caring, and by her lack of self esteem. Shug is caught in other people's image of her. She is not free to become what she really wants to be, which is a loving member of a loving family, which she never really had. This is shown by the quote on page 125-6. "(Mama) never love to do nothing had to do with touching nobody, she say. I try to kiss her, she turn her mouth away. Say, Cut that out, Lillie." Celie freed Shug from the role that everybody wanted her to fit into, and Shug freed Celie from the psychological bonds that were keeping her from making of her life what she wanted it to be, by being a mixture of friend, idol, lover, and teacher. Both Celie and Shug became what they were told they would. Celie was always told that she was ugly, that she was useless, that she was worthless. Alphonso and Mr.----- never lost an opportunity to tell her so. And so Celie became and believed she was ugly, useless, and worthless. Even Shug, when she first met her, exclaimed "You sure is ugly" (pg.48). Shug was told, first by her mother and then in the "respectable people's" opinion, that she was a whore, that she was wicked, and so she became a Temptress of sorts. "Even the preacher got his mouth on Shug Avery, now she down. He take her condition for his text. He don't call no name, but he don't have to. Everybody know who he mean. He talk about a strumpet in short skirts, smoking cigarettes, drinking gin. Singing for money and taking other women mens. Talk about slut, hussy, heifer, and streetcleaner." (Pg 46). She was the woman that all the men wanted and all the women hated, because there was so much she dared to do and so little anyone could do to stop her. However, neither of them necessarily wanted to take part in those roles, and both of them felt confined in them. Shug has a certain "Venus Image" in the novel. She fits the role of the seductive woman, the temptress, the devil.

Raw Foods Diet :: essays research papers

What’s up with the Raw Deal? The Atkins diet? South-Beach Diet? Jenny Craig? Weight Watchers? But a Raw-food only diet? What the†¦?! Consuming only raw foods? Not cooking anything? Isn’t that unhealthy? Not according to advocates of this diet. The raw foods diet is among some of the latest fad and celebrity-hyped diets out there today, you can even find some restaurants that only serve raw foods. The name of the raw food diet says it all: You only consume raw, unprocessed foods. Diet devotees claim the diet improves nutrition and health, offers spiritual enlightenment and improves digestion among other things. But can a diet consisting only of raw foods truly live up to its promises and can it be healthy?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Followers consume a diet regimen made up of fresh, raw fruits and vegetables, sprouted seeds, nuts, legumes, dried fruits, milk from coconut, fresh fruit and vegetable juices and other organic or natural foods which have not been processed. Sounds healthy. It stems from the thinking that raw and living foods contain the essential enzymes needed for proper digestion, as well as containing higher nutrient values. Raw food dieters believe the enzymes in raw foods are the life force and that every food has its own essential enzymes. These enzymes help the body digest the foods completely, without relying on the body’s own enzymes. This means that cooked foods, foods cooked higher than 116  °F, are â€Å" dead† because all of these enzymes and nutrients are destroyed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  But is their scientific data to back this up? No, not really. It has been widely known and accepted that cooking our food is healthier and safer. Cooking foods kills any harmful bacteria, it lets us eat a wide variety of foods especially those who cannot tolerate raw uncooked vegetables, which can leave individuals with nutrient deficiencies. And well, yes cooking does kill the foods enzymes, our body has its own enzymes for proper digestion and health and doesn’t need other enzymes.

Greed Essay †Enron and Northern Rock Corporate Collapse

Abstract The spectacular collapse of both Enron and Northern Rock illustrate two very distinct methods of errant policy that deserve continual study.This essay examines and compares the roles of both companies during their respective period of failure in order to determine the fundamental causes that led each of these companies to ruin. The evidence presented outlines a pattern of greed, ambition and poor policy that combined to drive the entities to failure. This research will be of value to any person looking into corporate collapse. 1 Introduction Failure in business comes in many forms making continual evaluation beneficial. The cases of the spectacular collapse of both Enron and Northern Rock illustrate two very distinct methods of errant policy. This essay examines and compares the roles of both companies during this period of failure in order to determine the fundamental causes that led each of these companies to ruin. With a focus on the role of fraud, market value accounting, fraud and creative accounting this study will identify and evaluate the underlying causes that have been credited with defining business risk in the modern age. In the end, this essay examines and evaluates the fundamental factors associated with the collapse of Enron and Northern Rock with the stated goal of determining the best methods of avoiding such a scenario in the future. 2 Corporate Collapse2.1 OverviewEnron was once considered a blue chip investment with the inherent capacity to bolster any portfolio during the 1990’s until the collapse of 2001 (Khan, 2011). Once regarded as a premier investment, Enron became associated with a wide range of questionable accounting practice, fraud and insider trading during their term of operations. Over the course of 1990’s, Enron was cited and held up as a pillar of innovation and performance with many institutions attempting to emulate their professed success (Arnold and Lange, 2004). This early idolization of the rising company seems to have increased overall investor interest and expectation. With a platform based on gas and electricity and a long list of associated enterprises including online and investment services utilized by nearly every other energy entity of the period, Enron was the acknowledged leader in the international energy industry (Solomon and Solomon, 2004). With a broad based syst em of investors, there was substantial fallout when the final collapse of the company was announced in 2001, with many in the industry decrying the lack of oversight amid the opportunity for fraud (Khan, 2011). The rise and fall of Enron, even on basic level is a reflection of a company’s ability to build and play upon investors’ expectations, which indicates a willingness on the part of the investors to risk their money in a questionable investment. Northern Rock was once considered a leading voice in the UK banking industry (Marshall et al, 2012). Created as a result of a merger between the North East Building Society and the Northern counties Permanent Building Society and the Rock Building Society, the Northern Rock Building Society was in an ideal position to create and further their own business interests. A key area of concern for investors was the fact that Northern Rock derived its capital from depositors until the deregulation efforts of the 1980’s (Ma rshall et al, 2012). With the relaxation of oversight, it became possible for entities such as Northern Rock to consider and implement alternate solutions for revenue increase that included heavy investment in the stock market and mortgage industry. Complementing the perception of leadership and dedication to the market were statistics that cited Northern Rock as one of the leading mortgage lenders during the period of the early 2000’s (Mclean and Elkind, 2003). With a wish to capitalize as much as possible on the conditions of the growing market, which included the American mortgage market prior to 2008, Northern Rock leadership opted to invest heavily in the subprime market that generated so much profit during this period (Dawley et al, 2012). This argument suggests that the old industry region that was home to the company’s operations had a direct impact on the initial success and eventual failure of the Ban. This initial overview demonstrates that there was a real drive to produce revenue on the part of both of these companies, which in turn fuelled their need to succeed at any cost. In both cases, Enron and Northern Rock began with a legitimate business foundation, yet desired a continual increase in power and revenue which led to poor decisions and policy implementation. In a very real way, this brief illustration suggests that the success factor prompted these companies to act in the selfish and rash manner that brought about their downfall.2.2 Companies2.2.1 EnronThe manner in which leadership creates, endorses and implements a company policy is a critical component to any entities day to day operations (O’Connell, 2004). In this case Enron leadership including Ken Lay, Jeffrey Skilling and Andy Fastow were primarily credited with first leading the company to incredible heights, and then engineering the massive failure due to their own incredible greed. Perhaps a leading indic ator of the manner of leadership Ken Lay found appealing lay in his continual support of the oil trading company headed by Borget that was deemed acceptable as long as there was a profit, regardless of method (Swartz and Watkins, 2003). Organizational culture built on greed and corruption will continue to breed these same elements throughout any organization (Solomon et al, 2004). In this case Enron leadership’s goal of creating a nature gas stock exchange was driven by the desire to increase market share and revenue. In the beginning this form of innovation and aggressive marketing were deemed acceptable, but with subsequent discoveries of accounts including M. Yass, or My ass, created by Borget there was an acknowledgement of corruption (Fox, 2003). Despite Enron initially endorsing Borget and his practices as the scope of the losses mounted, Ken Lay actively denied any wrong doing, taking advantage of the lack of information that he cultivated. The lack of any serious form of financial oversight allowed Enron to create questionable forms of accounting and bookkeeping that extended their perception of propriety (Solomon, 2004). During deregulation effort of the late twentieth century, there was serious contention on the part of the business community that there was a need to reduce regulation in order to benefit the consumer. Leadership at Enron eagerly campaigned on the notion that deregulation would actively increase the capacity for the worker (Swartz et al, 2003). Blaming regulation for higher electricity the lobbyists were largely successful in their drive to remove any meaningful oversight in the industry. This push included a state by state approach that allowed Enron to utilize their regional positions to great advantage, thereby ensuring a smoother experience (Boje et al, 2004). Skilling created concept of an asset lite strategy, or not actually owning the assets, simply bundling and selling the energy, which in tur n provided Enron with a potential method to drastically increase revenue with little to no paper trail (Solomon et al, 2014). The summer of 1998 witnessed a bonanza for Enron as there was a perception of volatility that enabled them to drastically capitalize on the market, leading to the perception that Skilling was a genius (Swartz et al, 2003). During this period following deregulation many of the Enron’s greatest profits were made by employees finding loopholes and exploiting these accounting or business practices to the utmost in order to increase revenue (Arnold and Lange, 2005). Again, this policy of attempting to end run regulation only promotes the false ideal that the company or its employees was smarter than the system. Enron has been credited with employing many questionable accounting techniques during their period of operation in order to bolster expectations (Gordon, 2002). This drive to provide a continuous profit for the company led the leadership to adopt acc ounting practices that did more to obstruct the revelation of negative data in order to maintain profits. A combination of being at the right place in the form of evolving deregulation and belonging to a culture of greed and corruption created the atmosphere that prompted these increasingly poor accounting practices (Macey, 2003). At the heart of Enron’s trouble rests a lack of strong corporate governance and an increasing disregard for public regulation and investor welfare (Vinten, 2002). Beginning with methods that merely bent the rules, the accounting practices at Enron had to become larger in order to account for the burgeoning debt that was being created (Parker, 2005). This form of creative bookkeeping suggests that there was a strong knowledge that operations at the company were not only limited in scope, but there was a need to make as much money as possible at any cost. This form of accounting was illustrated in the Mark to Market accounting expansion that served to misinform investors on accurate valuations, thereby increasing Enron’s value (Shelly, 2011). While essentially legal, the stretching and reinterpretation of the rules allowed Enron to create a wide margin of profit on paper. Further, the use of limited partnership and outside parties increased the level of secrecy and uncertainty that surrounded every Enron valuation process including the Credit Default Swaps and Collateralised Debt Obligations (Swartz et al, 2010). These measures became necessary in order to provide the company with the means to maintain expectations, bonuses and pensions. From the outset, Enron was out to make money (Jennings, 2002). Each innovation was aimed at delivering the most revenue to the leadership, not the investors. Each decision and example of culture illustrates the greed and ambition of those behind the Enron debacle. In the accounting profession a fair presentation is regarded as an accurate representation of a working operation, creative ac counting is identified as flexible practice that best serves the interests of the clients, with fraudulent accounting made up of those that blatantly step outside the law (Buckley, 2011). Enron has displayed an initial fair value accounting method that degenerated into a fraudulent accounting method with evidence that paints a portrait of unrestrained greed, propped up by poor regulation and aided by tacit indulgence of success. There is a clear need to conduct ethical business in order to sustain opportunities (Gill, 2009). This was does not seem to have happened in the case of Enron. This evidence suggests that no matter how Enron had attempted to compensate for poor practice, there could have been no other plausible outcome than failure.2.2.2 Northern RockInitially specialising in residential and commercial mortgages Northern Rock quickly became an industry frontrunner under the leadership of Adam Applegarth in 2001(Marshall et al, 2012). This form of leadership actively profited from the prior methods of operation, utilizing the past profit to invest in the present stock market, primarily the growing sector mortgage securities. Linsley and Slack (2013) argue that prior to 2001 Northern Rock projected a ethic of care, which in turn was cited for the intense feelings of betrayal following the collapse of the Bank. There was a sense that leadership of the Bank was overly ambitious in their efforts to capitalize on their existing assets by putting all of the previous savings at risk (Marshall et al, 2012). This suggests that the clientele of Northern Rock expected their leadership to take greater care and substantially less risk. Three primary points including Northern Rocks previous existence as a building society, the local or regional nature of the bank and the appearance of the Northern Rock Foundation bolstered the perception of a caring institution that was out to serve the populace (Linsley, 2013). With the change in policy brought about by a new leader , there was a palpable sense of anger and disillusionment with both Northern Rock and the direction of their investments. It very much seems as if was this effort from the previous eras, the caring and attentive attitude that served to amplify the negativity as the bank began to crumble under the weight of poor leadership and management. With the onset of the subprime collapse in the United States and the massive international recession that followed, it became impossible for Northern Rock to meet its financial obligations, which in turn prompted the failure of the bank (Linsley et al, 2013). The innovative nature of the investment pattern such as the ‘Together’ investment scenario set out by Northern Rock was a stark departure from the mutualisation process of previous eras (Nesvetailova and Palan, 2013). With the ambitious investment goals set out by Applegarth, it became necessary for the bank to move from the 75% per cent income from depositors to a much more modest 25% with the remaining balance being accounted for by investment and loans (Nesvetailova, 2013). As reflected by consumer discontent with the policy decision, the entire process became disliked and heavily blamed for the eventual run on the bank. The new pattern of investment required Northern Rock to pursue securitization in a fashion that created special purpose vehicles in order to allow these securities to become liquid and thereby tradable (Deegan and Unerman, 2011). This process allowed Northern Rock to obscure their accurate worth by essentially hiding these accounts offshore (Scott, 20 08). With an accounting practice that was creative and innovative at the time, Northern Rock utilized this method in order to expand their projected revenues, thereby further enhancing their operations. In order to continue lending at the bank level, mortgages could be sold, or further funds borrowed on the mortgage securities, which in turn kept Northern Rock liquid initially (Gaffikin, 2008). This culture of greed no matter the cost fuelled the leadership drive to not only continue this practice, but expand it to incorporate up to 50 per cent of the Northern Rock operational platform (Deegan et al, 2011). Depending too heavily on any volatile market has the potential to put any operation at risk at any time (Domhoff, 2013). This evidence suggests that Northern Rock was substantially impacted by the subprime mortgage collapse and the inability to borrow money from the lenders. With a business model that was directly dependant on the interbank lending process, this sudden halt of funding was a severe and crippling blow, only enhanced by the need for the bank to have these funds on hand in order to shore up fading public support. The perception of dismay and lack of trust only increased as Northern Rock found itself undercut by rivals with better loan rates (Deegan et al, 2011). With no ready pool of funding available and no one to purchase the securities, some of which were frozen due to questionable value, the internal situation deteriorated to the point of collapse nearly overnight. Regulation and lack of effective constraints in the financial process has been cited as an element of the Northern Rock collapse (Nesvetailova, 2013). There was a sustained feeling that the explosive pattern of growth quickly overwhelmed any regulation effort, which in turn led to unsatisfactory testing and performance assessments. The caring culture that once benefited operations at Northern Rock was transformed to increased discontent with the announcement of the government bailout, which in turn fuelled the run on the bank (Deegan, et al, 2011). This evidence suggests that it was the very elements of safe investment that had given Northern Rock the opportunity for investment initially and that the prudent course of action would have been to maintain a pattern of considerate investment rather than an all-out bid for industry leadership. With the nationalization of the Northern Rock entity, the government became the only remaining investor, shouldering the substantial loss that had once been a thriving multi-generational company (Deegan et al, 2011). 3 Conclusion Both Enron and Northern Rock exhibited similar and distinctly different traits as this study as illustrated. Each of the companies possessed leadership that was very focused on success and revenue. This culture of greed and ambition served to initially propel both companies into positions of leadership which was demonstrated by their drastic increase in value and recognition during the early phases. While both companies began with fair trade accounting methods, there were driving forces behind each entities operation after that period. Enron began to employ outright fraud in their accounting practices, in some cases going so far as to completely create fictional assets in order to maintain viability. In contrast Northern Rock employed creative accounting methods to legally utilize their existing assets to invest in the subprime mortgage market. While Northern Rocks leadership made poor choices, there was no element of blatant fraud as perpetrated by Enron. There was a distinct organi sational culture gap between Enron and Northern Rock. The ethic of care environment enacted a perception of interest in the consumers of Northern Rock aided the long term business efforts and sustained operations over generations. Enron was focused on profit and the means to increase profit from the point of inception, creating management techniques that encouraged a liberal interpretation of any regulation, placing revenue generation above the need to present a high level of honesty during operation. A similarity that binds both companies together was the leadership intention to use the open market to increase their net assets. Further, there was a directed action by both management institutions to hide the debt from the consumer and investors in order to prop up their image and brand. Once considered pioneering, creative and innovative the combination of deregulation, massive growth and complex rules provided a wide range of opportunities that these companies chose to exploit for their own gain. Each of these entities found itself in the position that required them to borrow money in order to meet expectations. Lacking the means to borrow money was the death knell for both of these enterprises. Northern Rock found itself caught in the subprime mortgage collapse and Enron found itself the focus of scrutiny concerning their assets and true valuation. In the end both Enron and Northern Rock exhibited poor policy decision as well as experiencing bad luck. While there is no guarantee in the business world, large scale deception and fraud will eventually come back to roost. It was the utilization of questionable practice, greed and ambition that served to derail these companies, teaching us all that honesty is indeed the best policy. 4 References Arnold, B. and De Lange, P. 2004. Enron: an examination of agency problems. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 15 (6), pp. 751–765. Boje, D. M., Rosile, G. A., Durant, R. A. and Luhman, J. T. 2004. Enron spectacles: A critical dramaturgical analysis. Organization Studies, 25 (5), pp. 751–774. Buckley, A. 2011. Financial crisis. Harlow, England: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Dawley, S., Marshall, N., Pike, A., Pollard, J. and Tomaney, J. 2012. Continuity and evolution in an old industrial region: the labour market dynamics of the rise and fall of Northern Rock. Regional Studies, (ahead-of-print), pp. 1–19. Deegan, C. and Unerman, J. 2011. Financial Accounting Theory: European Edition, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill. New York, NY. Domhoff, G. W. 2013. The myth of liberal ascendancy. Boulder: Paradigm Publishers. Fox, L. 2003. Enron. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Gaffikin, M. 2008. Accounting Theory: Research, Regulation and Accounting Practice, Pearson Education. New York, NY . Gill, M. 2009, Accountant’s Truth: Knowledge and Ethics in the Financial World, Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1(1). Gordon, J. N. 2002. What Enron means for the management and control of the modern business corporation: some initial reflections. The University of Chicago Law Review, 1(1) pp. 1233–1250. Gordon, R. W. 2002. New Role for Lawyers: The Corporate Counselor after Enron, A. Conn. L. Rev., 35 p. 1185. Jennings, M. M. 2002. Primer on Enron: Lessons from a Perfect Storm of Financial Reporting, Corporate Governance and Ethical Culture Failures, A. Cal. WL Rev., 39 p. 163. Khan, M. A. 2011. The Reasons Behind a Corporate Collapse: A Case Study of Enron.Available at SSRN 1923277. Linsley, P. M. and Slack, R. E. 2013. Crisis management and an ethic of care: the case of Northern Rock Bank. Journal of business ethics, 113 (2), pp. 285–295. Macey, J. R. 2003. Efficient capital markets, corporate disclosure, and Enron. Cornell L. Rev., 89 p. 394. Marshall, J. , Pike, A., Pollard, J. S., Tomaney, J., Dawley, S. and Gray, J. 2012. Placing the run on Northern Rock. Journal of Economic Geography, 12 (1), pp. 157–181. Mclean, B. and Elkind, P. 2003. The smartest guys in the room. New York: Portfolio. Nesvetailova, A. and Palan, R. 2013. Minsky in the Shadows Securitization, Ponzi Finance, and the Crisis of Northern Rock. Review of Radical Political Economics, 45 (3), pp. 349–368. O’Connell, B. T. 2004. Enron. Con:â€Å"He that filches from me my good name†¦ makes me poor indeed†. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 15 (6), pp. 733–749. Parker, L. D. 2005. Corporate governance crisis down under: post-Enron accounting education and research inertia. European Accounting Review, 14 (2), pp. 383–394. Richardson, S. 2011. From the Invisible Hand to CEO Speak: Enron and a Rhetoric of Corporate Collapse. Russell, D. 2013. Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability, Vol. 3Business and Sustainability: Concepts Strategies and Changes. International Journal of Law and Management, 55 (1), pp. 74–76. Scott, W. R. 2008 Financial Accounting Theory, 5th Edition, FT Prentice Hall. Solomon, J. and Solomon, A. 2004. Corporate governance and accountability. New York: John Wiley. Swartz, M. and Watkins, S. 2003. Power failure. New York: Doubleday. Vinten, G. 2002. The corporate governance lessons of Enron. Corporate Governance, 2 (4), pp. 4–9.

Compare the Ways in Which Larkin and Abse Write About Settings in Their Poems. Essay

Compare the ways in which Larkin and Abse write about settings in their poems. In your response you must include detailed critical discussion of at least two of Larkin’s poems. In ‘Mr Bleaney’ Larkin explores the setting of an old house, still ever present with the spirit and legacy of its last occupant. Setting is presented as impressionable on its inhabitant, restricting and institutionalising their lives. Similarly, Abse’s poem ‘Leaving Cardiff’ also displays themes regarding setting giving you an identity, which is defined by one place, leaving the persona institutionalised. Regarding setting, another of Larkin’s poems ‘The Whitsun Weddings’ also supports the theme of settings being very impressionable. However, like ‘Leaving Cardiff’, this particular poem hints at settings also contributing to a disappointing, anticlimactic and overrated journey. In ‘Mr Bleaney’ Larkin presents setting as an extremely reclusive place which has an everlasting and overpowering effect on the persona, making him very agoraphobic. The repetitive and constant ‘ABAB’ rhyme scheme throughout this poem hints at the continual and dull life the persona leads, being forced to live a constant, boring life sculpted by Mr Bleaney’s previous existence. The lexis ‘stayed’ also reiterates the lack of ambition the persona feels towards being any different to Mr Bleaney. The previous occupant Mr Bleaney relied on his house ‘the whole time’, and the persona is starting to behave similarly. The end of the poem ‘I don’t know.’, ending with a caesura displaying irony, is a powerful ending which is the personas way of justifying superiority or difference, and the irony that he is actually like Mr Bleaney, a reclusive and restrictive man. The metaphorical use of pathetic fallacy ‘frig id wind’ is hinting at the outside world trying to torpon the previous occupant to come outside more frequently, but due to his contentment with confinement, he chose never to. ‘That how we live measures our own nature’ is showing how home sculpts you to how you are and your life is evaluated based on your home. Therefore, the previous occupant Mr Bleaney is leaving an everlasting impression on his home, rubbing of onto the way the persona lives his life. In addition, the lexis ‘home’ is used when describing this particular setting. On the whole, this prison like venue is  quite the opposite of a homely environment and the irony is that evidently the setting in this poem is more like a ‘hired box’, hinting at a coffin like atmosphere created within the ‘home’. On the whole, the setting in this poem is not described very positively, and the persona should definitely not be happy within the confinement of an everlasting, dominant presence overshadowing the joy of life through obsession with imprisonment. Similarly, Abse’s poem ‘Leaving Cardiff’ also hints at setting being accountable for your identity. ‘Can I be the same man twice’ is a prime example of setting, in this poem Cardiff, defying your distinctiveness. The persona within this poem is reflecting on how Cardiff once distinctively defined who he was, and now he is leaving, he will never be the same person that Cardiff once moulded him into. To show the persona and the setting are strongly linked with a bond, the metaphorical usage of pathetic fallacy ‘knots of water flow’ is hinting at the emotional response that Cardiff has on the persona, linking them together strongly and showing how dominant setting is in his life. In addition, the materialistic use of ‘now the funnels negations blow’ shows how Cardiff was dominant in every aspect of the personas life. Due to funnels blowing out rings of smoke, they are metaphorically signifying the repetitious and vicious circles the persona will face in always being linked to Cardiff, bringing him back to where he started. Also, the rings of smoke signify the emptiness within his life, and how once he leaves Cardiff a segment of his identity will be left behind. Alternatively, setting in Larkin’s ‘The Whitsun Weddings’ is predominantly described through a journey on a train, contributing to the disappointing and overrated impression of setting. Although Larkin claims there was nothing of himself in this poem, his biographer maintains there was everything of the poet in this poem, critiquing the homogeneity of life. In one sense, the persona is experiencing a stereotypical journey within the setting of a train, on looking on the ‘houses’ and ‘streets’ surrounding him. However, in another sense the persona is looking at the mass production of newlyweds during ‘The Whitsun Weddings’, a religious festival, unprepared for their hopeful and artificial journey ahead. Phillip Larkin is very critical of marriage, believing too much credence is put on it and the  reality is that it will not last. ‘A slow and stopping curve southwards’. This is hinting at the reality of life going downhill after marriage, and the expected journey will not succeed. In regards to setting, the setting of a train is extremely significant. As the newlyweds pile on the train polluting true love, the train is symbolically signifying the deteriorative journey that will take place in their love lives. Generally, this poem is very negative towards the journey that married couples will face, symbolical of the setting of a train. However, the slight break of the ABABCDECDE’ rhyme scheme when ‘grass’ and ‘cars’ rhyme is to show a slight blip of happiness in marriage, in contrast to sorrow. This is because Larkin wanted to show how this is only his opinion on the journey of marriage. Also, the breaking of the rhyme scheme could symbolically show how in fact in later life the couples may separate and evidently their marriage could break down. The setting of a train is to also show the normalisation and journey of a marriage. Abse’s ‘Leaving Cardiff’ also uses journey to contribute to the setting, just like Larkin does. The journey that the persona is facing in this poem is that he is leaving Cardiff for good. ‘Upload and move on’. This particular metaphor is showing how the persona is leaving the setting of Cardiff, but will never forget the journey he has been on whilst he is there, and evidently the Journey he will face in the future.

Explore the Narrative of the Narrator in Pride and Prejudice.

Pride and Prejudice has been criticised among the literary community for the narrator thought to be from the view of Elizabeth is often counter argued by someone else saying that the narrator is an omniscient third person narrator. The narration of Pride and Prejudice is typically done by Elizabeth in many views, although it occasionally gives us information that Elizabeth is not aware of, which therefore makes us come to the conclusion that it is not Elizabeth narrating the book.The third person narrative gives a plain view of the novel in the sense of the dialogue, opinions and the events which are dominating throughout the novel rather than emotions. Elizabeth Bennet sometimes excludes from this rule, for example in chapter 36, this chapter is devoted entirely to Elizabeth’s emotional transformation right after the letter she received from Darcy. Although even though we do often get to hear the thoughts of other characters in the novel, it is mostly in shorter bursts compar ed to Elizabeth’s more complex outbursts.The narrator is using free indirect discourse or speech to show the reader the characters thoughts or spoken words, but without quotation marks. It let’s the reader know some of Elizabeth’s bad judgements against others like Darcy at the beginning of the novel. The use of dialogue brings forth veracity, which makes the reader question which character is to be believed. Although at the same time the truthfulness of the narrator themselves can be questioned.The veracity of Elizabeth’s dialogue is strengthened when the narrator doesn’t employ a detached narrative voice to describe the characters thoughts but is focalizing the proceeding through the character of Elizabeth, which is therefore meaning that the reader views the story from Elizabeth’s perspective. Seeing the story through Elizabeth’s eyes yet via the narrator’s voice, for example â€Å"the general pause which ensued made Elizab eth tremble†¦ She longed to speak, but could think of nothing to say†. It is therefore showing as a means of empathy of the reader in the part of Elizabeth.The use of the direct speech is a means of artistically orchestrating the voices of the two main roles of Darcy and Elizabeth. The line: â€Å"tax Mr. Bingley with having promised on his first coming into the country to give a ball at Netherfield† on page 33 isn't spoken by any particular character, neither directly, through the use of any dialogue, or indirectly, as in employing indirect speech. The narrator is using free indirect speech. The voice appears to be that of the narrator, although it has temporarily adopted the style and intonation of Lydia, the youngest Bennet sister.The line however isn't focalized through this character as the reader isn't given Lydia's perspective, such as earlier in this paragraph where the viewpoint was clearly that of Elizabeth. It is also important to realize that Elizabeth' s thoughts were not conveyed through a process of free indirect speech as there was no slippage into her manner of articulation. The omniscient narrator enters a brief stage of suspense as the novel’s two principal characters, Elizabeth and Darcy, step forth to convey the story in their own words.For example the reader is instantly able to discern the contrast of opinion between Elizabeth and Darcy, in one of the instances it is their views on poetry. The use of the direct speech is a means of artistically orchestrating these voices. The narrative voice that has been present throughout Pride and Prejudice is an anonymous, omniscient or all knowing one which shifts between simply relating to events as they occur, reflecting on such events and sometimes directly giving opinions of the characters.Austen’s narrative voice is as much an invented persona as the rest of the characters in the novel itself. Through this persona, Auten has been able to tell the story by another perspective and directly influence the reader’s opinions of the characters themselves. Thus this is a very effective method in conveying certain messages about the characters, more so than if Austen had chosen to write in another narrative voice like the first person. Explore the Narrative of the Narrator in Pride and Prejudice. Pride and Prejudice has been criticised among the literary community for the narrator thought to be from the view of Elizabeth is often counter argued by someone else saying that the narrator is an omniscient third person narrator. The narration of Pride and Prejudice is typically done by Elizabeth in many views, although it occasionally gives us information that Elizabeth is not aware of, which therefore makes us come to the conclusion that it is not Elizabeth narrating the book.The third person narrative gives a plain view of the novel in the sense of the dialogue, opinions and the events which are dominating throughout the novel rather than emotions. Elizabeth Bennet sometimes excludes from this rule, for example in chapter 36, this chapter is devoted entirely to Elizabeth’s emotional transformation right after the letter she received from Darcy. Although even though we do often get to hear the thoughts of other characters in the novel, it is mostly in shorter bursts compar ed to Elizabeth’s more complex outbursts.The narrator is using free indirect discourse or speech to show the reader the characters thoughts or spoken words, but without quotation marks. It let’s the reader know some of Elizabeth’s bad judgements against others like Darcy at the beginning of the novel. The use of dialogue brings forth veracity, which makes the reader question which character is to be believed. Although at the same time the truthfulness of the narrator themselves can be questioned.The veracity of Elizabeth’s dialogue is strengthened when the narrator doesn’t employ a detached narrative voice to describe the characters thoughts but is focalizing the proceeding through the character of Elizabeth, which is therefore meaning that the reader views the story from Elizabeth’s perspective. Seeing the story through Elizabeth’s eyes yet via the narrator’s voice, for example â€Å"the general pause which ensued made Elizab eth tremble†¦ She longed to speak, but could think of nothing to say†. It is therefore showing as a means of empathy of the reader in the part of Elizabeth.The use of the direct speech is a means of artistically orchestrating the voices of the two main roles of Darcy and Elizabeth. The line: â€Å"tax Mr. Bingley with having promised on his first coming into the country to give a ball at Netherfield† on page 33 isn't spoken by any particular character, neither directly, through the use of any dialogue, or indirectly, as in employing indirect speech. The narrator is using free indirect speech. The voice appears to be that of the narrator, although it has temporarily adopted the style and intonation of Lydia, the youngest Bennet sister.The line however isn't focalized through this character as the reader isn't given Lydia's perspective, such as earlier in this paragraph where the viewpoint was clearly that of Elizabeth. It is also important to realize that Elizabeth' s thoughts were not conveyed through a process of free indirect speech as there was no slippage into her manner of articulation. The omniscient narrator enters a brief stage of suspense as the novel’s two principal characters, Elizabeth and Darcy, step forth to convey the story in their own words.For example the reader is instantly able to discern the contrast of opinion between Elizabeth and Darcy, in one of the instances it is their views on poetry. The use of the direct speech is a means of artistically orchestrating these voices. The narrative voice that has been present throughout Pride and Prejudice is an anonymous, omniscient or all knowing one which shifts between simply relating to events as they occur, reflecting on such events and sometimes directly giving opinions of the characters.Austen’s narrative voice is as much an invented persona as the rest of the characters in the novel itself. Through this persona, Auten has been able to tell the story by another perspective and directly influence the reader’s opinions of the characters themselves. Thus this is a very effective method in conveying certain messages about the characters, more so than if Austen had chosen to write in another narrative voice like the first person.

Network Security Essay

You are interested in starting your own Music Store, QualitySounds, in a suburban area of your town. You need to design and build a network and computing solution for your stores. You have done some initial planning and you will start with two stores (but you plan to add two more stores across town within one year). Your store will sell new and used music and allow customers to get â€Å"online† in your stores and download music. You also will offer classes on how to setup music downloads and configure MP3 devices. You took computer networking courses in college and you feel you can tackle this solution yourself. Upon initial planning, you have identified the following requirements for your network: * Connects three office computers and one computer used for Point-of-Sale (POS) services at each of your stores. You also want six (6) computers in the lobby/store where patrons can download music and you can run â€Å"training classes† for people to learn about using MP3 players and get other basic information. The two offices have to be connected into one cohesive network, sharing POS services and other critical company information. You also need to provide a â€Å"hand out† casual area for people to stop in and discuss music and connect wirelessly to the Internet (you might even offer free coffee to entice people to come in to your store). * Provides adequate security for all of the company communications and documents (especially sensitive sales documents). All POS services must be protected. All general network access should be segmented from the company POS services. * Fast and have additional capacity as the company grows * Provides for centralized printing * Supports the eventual addition of other stores to the network * Provides customers with a general information Website and a secure Website where clients can buy services, and products * Provides for limited downtime (24 hour downtime maximum) * Provides for centralized management and control of the computers in the two stores, so that you can maintain the network from off-site * Provides for long-term cost effectiveness * Provides a suite of software tools for the employees to effectively communicate and a POS solution for the stores The company does not have any equipment. Your plan should include a complete network and computer system that meets these requirements and future expansion plans. The two store locations will (eventually) be within a five-mile radius of each other. The locations are within a suburban area that has current technological infrastructures and related technology offerings. The stores will need a sales system and print services for invoices. Complete your proposal including costs for computing equipment, network infrastructure, network servers, printers, and related hardware, software, and accessories. Include as much detail as possible as well as justification as to your selections. Diagram and explain your physical network and computer design as well as the logical network design (server installation, domain layout, etc.). As you are a small business, cost is a major factor and should be minimized.

WestMercia Notebooks Ltd Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

WestMercia Notebooks Ltd - Essay Example As and when such orders come, the company can deliver it immediately. Notebooks prepared on order, generally carry the name of the college, institute, corporate house etc. who is ordering it. When WestMercia starts keeping some minimum stock of readymade notebooks, carrying the name of the company, it is bound to help the company in establishing a brand identity. An entity is something that is supposed to have a distinct, separate existence and identity. In this category, generally we take person, place, thing, event, or concept, about which information is to be stored. WestMercia Notebooks mainly has the following entities; Entity Life History (ELH) analyses the life cycle of the entities in the WestMercia Notebooks Ltd. ELH diagram also includes sequencing, iteration or timing of events in the system. It also investigates the integrity requirements and successor actions relevant for each entity, the administration of the entity, and the deletion of the entity. ELH is thus used to define the rules and regulations determining the life cycle of the entities and how do we perform actions like insert, update, and delete. ELH Diagram for 'Notebook': Event-1: The Customer i.e. college/ institution/ retailer/ wholesaler approaches the company with the specification of the notebook. Event-2: After WestMercia Notebooks Ltd. receives the orders, it starts processing it with the help of different departments Event-3: The production department makes the notebooks with appropriate specifications and sends them for being delivered to the customer. Event-4: The notebook is distributed amongst students, employees by the colleges or institutions and sold by retailers and wholesalers. Students and employees in turn use the notebooks and thus the notebook completes its useful life. ELH Diagram for 'Order': Event-1: Marketing team starts negotiations on the order. Negotiations take place regarding order size, prices, expected time of delivery etc. Such negotiations also often involve some discounts, if the customer has been a regular one for the company, with good payment record. Event-2: Once the negotiations are over, a consolidated order is prepared, with details like terms of payments, advances, discounts etc. Event-3: The production department starts working on the order, places order for raw material and once the notebooks are ready, sends it across to the dispatch sections for packaging and delivery. Event-4: The account department takes a look at the payment position, and accordingly gives a go ahead to the dispatch department for sending it across to the customer. Thus the order is completed within couple of days or weeks, depending upon the order

Do a ban on assault rifles infringe on the second amendment Research Paper

Do a ban on assault rifles infringe on the second amendment - Research Paper Example So many people have died and children have not been spared either. Most of the victims may be lucky to be taken to the hospital, but in most cases, they die immediately. Now that the occurrence of tragedy after tragedy seems to be the new trend, this is now the most appropriate time to discuss the issue of gun use in America, more specifically, among the civilians. The recent ban on assault rifle by the president is encouraging and shows that perhaps things may soon turn out well. However, critics are now stating that the ban is likely to infringe on the Second Amendment. The Second Amendment Stipulates that people should have a right to bear arms which should not be infringed. According to Charles, the Second Amendment is a right that shall not be infringed (8). Charles indicates that most people interpret the statement as one that should not be changed and view it as a right (8). Years ago, in 1940s and 1950s, guns were deemed as a legal way of the elite protecting their families, or in a position to secure themselves from thieves and wanted criminals. However, today people depend on the police and the army for defense, raising the question as to whether people need these guns anymore. Why there should be a Ban on Rifles and other Guns A ban on the rifles would be helpful to the safety agencies when it comes to rooting out all the terror threats that civilians may receive on a domestic level. It would be easier to have the agencies getting this issue under control with the existence of a ban. This is because instead of the agencies worrying about how the assault rifle owners are likely to react or behave, they are likely to put more effort and save time while controlling the issue. In addition, the individual privacy of American would be on the increase as much as their security is likely to increase. Unwarranted searches in people’s homes and gun violence would decrease drastically. Contrary to what most civilians assume, the Second Amendment only app lies to active duty personnel who are in the militia (Alters 46). This therefore means that the proponents who usually argue that banning the assault rifles violates the rights as stipulated in the Second Amendment are wrong. There are also the critics who argue that laws controlling guns are only there as a restriction on the freedom of Americans. There are also those who argue out that such aggressive ban rules are likely to result to an increase of trade in the black market and therefore have a negative impact. These are some of the arguments that most critics present and have little weight on the main goal of maintaining the security of people and saving human lives. All guns, whether rifles or hand guns present clear problems to the society and this outweighs the issue of human freedom or the black market. When the right to life is threatened, the right to freedom can no longer be said to be effective. A person who is threatened with the possibility of crossing paths with a men tally ill person with a gun is likely to lose his or her right to live and therefore will not be in a position to enjoy freedom rights. There are laws that have been enacted over the years to regulate the use of firearms but do not seem to work (Alters 45). It is not shocking to know that assault rifles are involved in homicides as well since in most cases they can fire automatically. If there are laws controlling gun possession, then this means that safety agencies are twice likely to monitor the activity of civilians as compared to if the